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The
amount of water that can be obtained from a well depends on the nature
of the water bearing layers drilled into. For instance, if you drill a
well into an area composed of shale where there are many voids between
the layers and millions of fractures to hold water, the chances are that
the well will be a good producer.
To understand why this is, imagine a fish tank packed
with flat rocks to the top like the one in the illustration above. Then,
in your mind's eye, fill the tank 2/3rds full of water. Then bring in a
little drilling rig and drill a hole down through one of the rocks.
Water will begin to rush into the hole when you get to the first space
below the water level. The water level in the hole will rise until it is
the same depth as the water in the tank.
If you stop drilling here and install a pump in your
well, you may not get enough water for your needs. You will have only
one crack feeding the well and if the water level in the tank drops a
few inches your well will be dry. If you continue to drill you will go
through additional layers, each providing an additional connection to
the water supply and you will have more and more water stored in the
hole as you drill deeper. When you finally begin to pump water from the
well, the more cracks you have feeding it the more gallons per minute
you will be able to take out.
As you can see, odds are that you would end up with a
good well no matter where you drill in this type of rock formation.
Read on for a low-yield well...
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